城市景观绿地规划问题与对策

指出了良好的城市景观绿地是城市生活的载体,体现了城市的文化与特色。概述了城市景观绿地的概念、分类和作用,提出了城市景观绿地规划设计原则和方法,为城市建设更好的发展提供参考。     

绿色建筑中节能门窗的应用现状与发展趋势

指出了我国门窗的节能标准低下,多数门窗厂家整体技术水平低下,导致我国门窗的保温性能远低于西方发达国家,大量的能耗从门窗洞口等部位流失。分析了我国门窗节能的现状,阐述了国外节能门窗的应用状况,探讨了节能门窗的未来发展趋势。     

中原崛起与绿色中原建设

中原崛起对于中部地区崛起、全国区域经济协调发展具有全局意义。实现中原崛起,全面建设小康社会,必须全面贯彻落实科学发展观,加快环境友好型社会建设,发展林业,推进绿色中原建设。针对中原崛起中的生态环境问题,根据河南省经济发展态势、资源禀赋条件、林地利用状况,研究提出了绿色中原建设的目标任务、资源配置和保障措施。     

Evaluation method of the ecological benefits of urban green spaces and application conditions

The importance of ecological benefit analyses about green space systems has been widely discussed on the basis of a per-ceived bias towards the landscaping effect of green spaces to be built in urban areas as opposed to the perception of comprehensive ecological benefits of designed plant communities. Given the basic principle of ecological benefit analyses and evaluation methods widely applied today, the methodology to calculate ecological benefits and to model the expansion of urban green spaces by CITY-green 5.0 and its conditions for application were explored. We propose that aerial images can be substituted by AutoCAD graphics of a green space containing detailed information of plant dispositions by digitizing the key features during the working process in order to evaluate the ecological benefits quickly and to offer proper guidance to the establishment of small scale green spaces in urban areas. The theoretical foundation, potential application range and prospects for extension of the method are introduced by using the analysis of ecological benefits of the green spaces on the campus of Southwest Forestry College, Kunming, as an example.     

郑州市绿地景观多样性研究

介绍了景观生态学理论中景观多样性的分析方法理论，并在调查的基础上，首次对郑州市绿地系统景观多样性相关指数进行了计算、分析和评价。研究表明，郑州城市绿地系统绿地景观多样性指数为2．08，与理论最大值相差0．5，说明绿地类型面积分布不够均匀，存在一定的改善空间。分城区研究表明，二七区的绿地景观中不同程度地受到某一种类型的控制，绿地景观类型面积分布很不平衡；新建城区存在绿地类型不全，绿地系统生态功能不能很好实现，应建设更多绿地类型。     

二溴海因和活性炭对水培绿藻的影响

本文以绿萝为试验材料,研究不同浓度二溴海因和活性炭对水培绿藻的影响。结果表明,在一定时间内,二溴海因50mg/L+活性炭2 g/L除藻效果最好,且不会对植物的生长发育造成不良影响,对营养液电导率的影响也较小;适宜浓度的活性炭和二溴海因除藻效果优良,浓度过低除藻效果不明显,浓度过高影响植物正常生长,所以在除藻过程中掌握合适的浓度范围是关键。     

Characterization and Film-Forming Properties of Gelatins from Whitemouth Croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) Skin and Bones

The Whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri), due to its abundance, is considered one of the most traditional and important species fished in the coastal waters and estuaries of South America. The aim of this work was to produce biopolymeric films of gelatins obtained from skin and bones of Whitemouth croaker. The fish gelatins were characterized through the yield, chemical composition, physiochemical, and rheological properties. The films were characterized by tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EAB), water vapor permeability (WVP), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and optical properties. The values of protein yield, hydroxyproline content, gel strength, melting temperature, gelling temperature, and viscosity of the skin gelatin were higher than the values of the bone gelatin. The films obtained of skin gelatin showed all properties and thermal analysis superior in relation to the films of bone gelatin; this can be justified by the best physicochemical and rheological characteristics of the skin gelatin.     

茶农绿色防控技术采用行为影响因素实证研究

利用16个茶叶主产省2 210份茶农调查数据,借助Logit模型分析了影响茶农绿色防控技术采用行为的因素。结果表明,茶农采用绿色防控技术受个人特征、家庭特征、茶园经营特征和组织与技术服务特征4个方面的因素影响,其中组织与技术服务特征因素的影响最大。具体来看,年龄、家庭人口规模和茶园规模对茶农采用绿色防控技术有显著的负向影响;农残限量标准认知、家庭年收入、组织化程度、技术培训和技术交流对茶农采用绿色防控技术有显著的积极影响。了解农残限量标准的茶农采用绿色防控技术的概率约是不了解的2倍;家庭收入每增加1万元,技术采用发生比相对增加2%;加入合作社的茶农采用绿色防控技术的概率是未加入的1.73倍;茶农参加病虫害防治培训次数每增加1次,技术采用发生比提升为原来的150%。受教育程度、打工收入占比、农药价格敏感性等因素在本研究中对茶农绿色防控技术采用的影响不显著。由此,有关政府部门需要通过增强茶农组织化程度,加强农户病虫害防治培训,降低技术使用成本等手段促进农户绿色防控技术的采用,以便实现绿色农业。     

Identification of resistance to Aspergillus flavus infection in cotton germplasm

Natural resistance in cottonseed to Aspergillus flavus infection has not been explored to date. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) expressing A. flavus strain was used to assess the resistance of seed from 35 cotton varieties from Gossypium arboreum, G. barbadense, and G. hirsutum. Mature cotyledons devoid of seed coat were wounded, inoculated, and assessed for innate resistance to A. flavus infection. Of the initial 35 varieties tested, we observed a range of resistance to infection in representatives of all three species. A subset of 15 representatives was further analyzed. Within this group, G. arboreum cultivar A2 186 and G. hirsutum cultivar SA 1582 were most resistant to fungal infection. The most susceptible cultivar in this group was G. hirsutum SA 1595. The remaining 12 representatives tested in the secondary screen (3 G. arboreum, 3 G. barbadense, and 6 G. hirsutum lines) exhibited intermediate resistance. We did not observe any relationship between species and resistance. Within each species, there was a range of responses to fungal infection. Future studies using this methodology to screen additional diploid and tetraploid cotton lines may enable us to identify naturally resistant germplasm that can be used to develop cotton with enhanced resistance to fungal infection.     

大学校园不同绿地类型的小气候特征

校园绿地小气候是城市生态环境效益评价的重要内容之一,是广大师生员工学习、工作和生活娱乐的重要场所。为了探明校园不同绿地类型的小气候特征及其对人体舒适度的影响,在广西大学校园内选择密林(A)、疏林(B)和草坪(C)3种植被类型分别建立固定样地,对主要气象要素进行同步观测研究。结果表明:(1)A、B和C日平均太阳辐射能依次为11.7w/m2、39.5 w/m2和177.3 w/m2,其中密林内仅占草坪的6.6%。(2)A、B和C日平均气温依次为24.9℃、25.2℃和25.6℃,其中密林内比草坪低0.7℃。(3)A、B和C日平均地面温度依次为23.8℃、25.2℃和27.9℃,其中密林内比草坪低4.1℃。(4)A、B和C日平均相对湿度依次为91%、89%和88%,其中密林内比草坪高3%(RH)。(5)A、B和C日平均温湿指数依次为24.4、24.5和24.8,其中密林内比草坪低0.4。研究结果初步说明,校园内密林型在白天对太阳辐射的削减、降温、增湿以及对人体舒适作用明显。